Fig. 3

Partial effects of selected explanatory variables on the temperature of the muscle–blubber interface (Tmbi). The variation of Tmbi was best explained by A the time of day and B external acceleration averaged over 60 s (EA60) 30 min prior according to the best-fit model of generalized additive models (GAMs). The y-axis represents the partial effect of each variable. The tick symbols on the x-axis are the data points observed in this study. The shaded areas indicate the 95% confidence intervals